Cooper Sit-Ups: Source and Display Method
The source table reports 4,471 men and 860 women including an under-20 column. FitnessNorms excludes that undefined under-20 group, leaving 4,425 men and 845 women (n=5,270) in the displayed age groups.
The current numeric table was manually corrected before this review and is preserved exactly. Automated OCR and reviewer readings of scanned images are used to flag differences, not to overwrite a published value. Permanent checks lock the reviewed data and verify its age-page and trend copies.
The protocol summary follows current Cooper-derived directions published by the Indiana Law Enforcement Academy and Pennsylvania MPOETC: interlocked fingers behind the head, feet held, elbows to knees, shoulder blades to the mat, and rest only in the up position. Other curl-up and sit-up procedures require their own norms.